GliomArray

By analyzing multiple genes simultaneously, this test offers a detailed molecular profile of the glioblastoma, on the basis of which your clinician (oncologist) will choose the optimal treatment for you individually.

For example, the promoter of the O6-methylguanuanine methyltransferase gene (MGMT) is an important indicator of glioblastoma. The product of the MGMT gene, an enzyme, repairs DNA damage. High levels of this enzyme in tumors cause resistance to chemotherapy with alkylating agents, such as temozolomide. When the MGMT promoter appears methylated, the gene is deactivated, making cancer cells more sensitive to chemotherapy.

The tests are performed on the surgical specimen (paraffin cubes) or the biopsy material (paraffin cube) from which your histological examination was performed or on the aspiration material (FNAB, EBUS) from which your cytological examination was performed. In our fully integrated Laboratory, the pathologist selects the most appropriate & representative paraffin cube, ensuring that the most appropriate sample will be used for the tests. Qualitative and quantitative parameters are checked.

In case your sample is not already at Microdiagnostics archive, please contact us immediately so that we can arrange for its safe and rapid transport to our laboratory. You will also need to quickly and easily complete the Consent Form.

In our fully integrated Laboratory, we handle your sample in such a way as to minimize its unnecessary waste:

• The paraffin block is positioned once in the microtome to obtain tissue sections by experienced histotechnologists.
• Tissue sections are sequentially acquired in such a way as to provide immunohistochemistry diagnosis if required.
• Ensure maintenance of tissue sections for further molecular testing.
• Pathologists perform microdissection, in order to ensure the highest possible amount of cancer cells, removing all other necrotic cells or normal tissue that could affect the validity of the results.
• The molecular biologist immediately processes the tissue in a fully controlled environment, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) or real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) to identify mutations in the genes of interest.

The number and type of mutations examined is updated through a dynamic process in accordance with current scientific research. It should therefore be recognized that there is a possibility that the list of genes on the order form may have changed (genes added or removed) during the analysis of the sample in the laboratory.

The classic treatment includes surgical removal, if possible, followed by postoperative radiotherapy, with the addition of chemotherapy in the majority of patients. Supportive therapeutic agents, such as antiepileptics and corticosteroids, are also administered. Finally, there are targeted therapies (against gene mutations).

Glioblastoma is the most common and most aggressive type of primary brain tumor. There are two types of glioblastoma, depending on the mechanism of pathogenicity:

–Primary glioblastoma: a rapidly evolving malignancy that occurs in people over the age of 50. It concerns 60% of cases.

–Secondary glioblastoma: caused by low malignant glioma and occurs in young people. It concerns 40% of cases.

Despite their malignant nature, glioblastomas are extremely rare to be spread to the rest of the body.

Most glioblastomas do not seem to have a genetic predisposition. There is no evidence that the disease is associated with smoking, diet, cell phones, or electromagnetic fields. However, there appears to be a small connection between glioblastoma and ionizing radiation. People with Turcot, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, or who have a history of neurofibromatosis, are at higher risk of developing glioblastoma than the rest of the population.

By analyzing many genes simultaneously, this test offers a detailed molecular profile of glioblastoma, based on which your clinician (oncologist) will select the optimal treatment for you individually.

For example, the promoter of the gene for O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) is an important marker in glioblastoma. The product of the MGMT gene, an enzyme, repairs DNA damage. High levels of this enzyme in tumors cause resistance to chemotherapy with alkylating agents, such as temozolomide. When the MGMT promoter becomes methylated, the gene is turned off, making the cancer cells more sensitive to chemotherapy.

The tests are performed on the surgical specimen (paraffin cubes) or the biopsy material (paraffin cube) from which your histological examination was performed or on the aspiration material (FNAB, EBUS) from which your cytological examination was performed. In our fully integrated Laboratory, the pathologist selects the most appropriate & representative paraffin cube, ensuring that the most appropriate sample will be used for the tests. Qualitative and quantitative parameters are checked.

In case your sample is not already at Microdiagnostics archive, please contact us immediately so that we can arrange for its safe and rapid transport to our laboratory. You will also need to quickly and easily complete the Consent Form.

Most of the time, the sample material we are called upon to handle is small because it has resulted from a minimally invasive method (needle biopsy, fluid aspiration, paraffin block with minimal material).
In our laboratory, Pathologists check in a timely manner whether the material to be examined is sufficient. If so, then a management algorithm is followed, with the aim of achieving the performance of multiple tests on the material (Immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, NGS) in order to fully check the molecular profile of your tumor (proteins, genes, histological Grading).

In this case, and once sample enrichment manipulations have been exhausted, we contact your clinician to discuss alternative approaches in order to obtain the desired information to select the optimal treatment for you. Some examples:

• Performing an alternative test (e.g. Immunohistochemistry instead of PCR, or choosing Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)
• Performing Immunohistochemistry instead of FISH (Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization) and tubulin
• Possible blood sampling instead of tissue testing (liquid biopsy)
• Possible option to take a new biopsy or puncture

Contact us at 2310 23 22 72 and we will immediately assist you in quickly transporting the sample to our laboratory.

By cash, bank card, bank deposit, or Online interbank deposit.

One of the primary concerns of microDiagnostics’ Ltd is the protection of your personal data as well as the strict adherence to the conditions protecting your genetic material and medical results.

In full compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) we ensure that you are aware and conscious for any examination will be conducted and we do not announce results via phone calls.